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The Republic of India  is the 7 th  largest country in the world.It is the second most populous country.India has coastline of over seven thousand kilometers. It has the Indian Oceans on the south, the Arabian Sea on the West,and the Bay of  Bengal on the East and the great Himalayas on the North.                      Pakistan,China,Nepal,Bhutan,Bangladesh and Myanmar are the border countries.Indian civilization is called the Indus Valley civilization. Four major world religions in India  are Hinduism, Jainism,Buddhism,Sikhism. The other religions Islam,Christianity,Judaism and Zoroastrianism came later. This is the reason for the variety of culture in India. India became a free country in 1947.

What is India Our National flag is Tiranga. Our National Emblem is Sarnath Lion Our National Anthem is Janaganamana. Our National song is Vandemataram. Our National Animal is royal Bengal Tiger. Our National Bird is Peacock. Our National Flower is Lotus. Our National Tree is Banyan. Our National Fruit is Mango. Our National Sports is Hockey. Our National Calendar is Saka. Our National Capital is New Delhi.

Me ..........             Give me a pen,she told me a story. They invited me to party. Myself.......           I hurt myself while cutting the vegetables. Some times I talk to myself. You..........             I will call you tomorrow. We gave you a chance. Yourself....             Serve yourself. Look at yourself in the mirror and practice. Yourselves....       Serve yourselves. You talk among yourselves. Us.......                   Inform us. They met us at the party. They played with us. Ourselves...           We should have faith in ourselves. We went there by ourselves. Him....                    Wait for him. I called him yesterday. Will you give it to him. Himself....               He punish...

At.................                  I am at home,she is at the bus-stop,he is at the railway station,                                         we are   at the airport,they are at the entrance,we are at the theatre.                                          I have class at 8 a.m. I wake up at 5 a.m. I go to college at 10 a.m.                                          I come home at 6 p.m. To.................                 We are late to the class,she is late to the prayer,he is early to the                          ...

I My Mine I am a teacher / I am happy / I like English My brother / My father / My pen / My class This book is mine / This pen is mine / These keys are mine / Those shoes are mine You Your Yours  You are a student / you are all boys / you are good Your bag / your book /your house / your village This class room is yours / These books are yours / This bag is yours He His His He is my uncle / He is my father / He is Mr.Reddy His bike / His mother / His friend / His parents. This bike is his / This room is his / These spects are his She Her Hers  She is my sister / she is a girl / She is Ravali / She is Medium height Her bag / Her uncle / her name / her children This Scooty is hers / This clips is hers / These slippers are hers. It It Its It is a book / it is on the table / it is a cat / it is hungry keep it there / I gave it back / Switch it off Its pages are torn / its key is ...

Language practice-6 A) I was waiting for my brother.                               She was waiting for her brother. B) What were you doing at 3 in                                What was he doing at 3 in the afternoon?      the afternoon? C) Were you eating when I called ?                          Was he eating when I called him? D) Where were you going?                                       Where was she going?  Language practice-7 A) I met my friends yesterday.                                 She met her friends yesterday. B) What did you do yesterday?...

Language practice-1 A) My name is.......                                               His name is.........      I am ...........                                                     He is............... B) What is your father's name?                              What is your mother's name?       What is he    ?                                                 What is she? C) How are you?                                   ...

Do not start eating as soon as you see the food,wait until the host asks you to start. Do not slurp or make loud noise while eating. Do not chew or lick your fingers. Do not talk or keep your mouth open while eating food. Excuse yourself if you belch. Keep the napkin or your hand in-front of your mouth when you belch. Do not hesitate to ask for a second helping,but don't over serve yourself  and waste the food. Do not get up and leave the place until the host tells you to do so. Excuse yourself if you have to attend a phone call and then attend. Do not throw the waste on the table,keep it in corner in the plate itself. Wash your hands before and after the meal with water and wipe it with the napkin.

Congratulations.......                               Congratulations on your success.                                                               Thank you / Thanks.                                                               Hearty congratulations on getting first class.                                                               Well done.                               ...

May I.........                May I know your name?                          Yes,my name is...............                                   May I speak to Mr. Reddy?                     Yes,sure. Hold on for a second.                                   May I know the time please?                    Oh,sure it is 7 o' clock. Could you.......           Could you please tell me the                     Go straight and take a right and walk up                             ...

words 'in' 'on' 'at' to tell about time. In: in January/June/December etc... in 1978/1996/2001 etc.. in the twenties/thirties/fifties etc.. in a few weeks in a couple of days in the morning/afternoon/evening. At: at six o' clock at 10:30 at four p.m. at night On: on Monday on Friday on 16 th August on October 22 nd On Diwali   Words 'in' 'on' and 'at' to relate the places. In: In countries / states / cities / towns Examples:      In India,in America      In Andhra Pradesh, in Assam      In Hyderabad,in Ranchi      In Adilabad,In Nalgonda In a room / in a building / in a garden / in a park. ( Closed places ) In the water / in the sea / in a river /.( water bodies ) In a row / in a line / in a queue. ( with line ) At: At the bus-stop / at the door / at the cinema / at the end of the street / at work / at home. ( Places )e t At the top of the page / at the bo...

Physical description Intellectual ability Attitude towards life Attitude towards others Height: tall,short, medium height Build: slim,thin,plump fat,skinny, frail,well built. Age: teenaged,young, elderly,middle-aged in 20s,40s. Face: round, oval,square, wide jawed Eyes: round, almond,shaped, big,small,brown black Hair: curly, wavy,short,long soft,blond,black, golden,grey intelligent, bright,clever, smart,shrewd, able,gifted, talented,brainy, stupid,foolish, half-witted, simple,silly optimistic, pessimistic, extraverted, introverted, relaxed,tensed, practical,sensible, sensitive sociable,friendly, easy going,patient, tolerant,polite, courteous,honest, trust worthy,sincere, cruel,sadistic, impolite,rude, ill-mannered,jealous, discourteous

Some words to describe people,place and things: People Places Things tall,young,old,short, slim,middle-aged,smart, beautiful,pretty, muscular,thin,ugly, skinny,boney etc. careful,hardworking, cheerful,dull,lazy, brave,responsible,confident, selfish,greedy,boring, moody etc.. dark,cold,hot,high low,dry,wet slippery,long,deep shallow etc.. crowded,busy, industrial,historical, peaceful,entertaining, exceptional,worth visiting,serene etc.. rectangular,round, plaint,flat,smooth, soft,pointed,sharp, expensive,cheap, wooden,gold,yellow, brown, etc..

To be-Negative forms: Long form                  Short form I am not                     I’m not You are not               You aren't He/She is not             He/She isn't We are not                We aren't You are not                You aren't They are not               They aren't                                        ...

HOW LONG: Examples: How long have you been working for this organization? How long has she been living here? How long has it been raining? How long have they been watching the movie? How long has Mahesh been playing cricket? How long have you been staying in India? How long has he been studying? How long have you been attending the classes? How long has he been coming to the college?

HOW OFTEN: Examples: How often do you visit your uncle? How often do you drink cool drinks? How often do you visit the library? How often does he come here? How often does she help you? How often does she speak to you? How often does he watch movies? How often does he play the cricket? How often does he go to his native place? How often do you buy dresses?

HOW FAR: Examples: How far is your house from your office? How far is the movie successful? How far is the rule applicable? How far can you walk without stopping? How far can you come with me? How far did you throw the ball? How far did write your novel? How far is our college from here? How far Hyderabad from Adilabad? How far has the construction of the fly-over got completed? How far has the teacher completed the syllabus? How far have you pulled the truck with rope?

HOW MUCH: Examples: How much is this? How much time is left? How much is the fee? How much do these apples cost? How much rent do you pay? How much does she know? How much are you giving? How much experience does he have? How much are you expecting? How much cloth has he cut? How much wait has he put on? How much have you paid? How much stock has arrived? How much do you spend per month? How much time did you spend there? How much time does it take to point the picture? How much time can you give me? How much money we withdraw?

HOW MANY: Examples: How many students are there? How many essays did you write? How many hours journey is it? How many classes are left? How many students have passed? How many siblings does he have? How many marks did you get in IPE? How many students have vehicles? How many copies should we print? How many examples should I give? How many numbers has the computer selected? How many periods does he take? How many days are there in a week? How many pages are missing? How many times did he speak in the class? How many dresses does she have? How many tables can you recite? How many brothers do you have? How many candidates have come?

HOW: Examples: How are you? How is life? How was the match? How are they working? How was the movie? How is the drama? How was the program? How were the arrangements? How will you pass the exam? How will you do it? How are your children? How tall is he? How do you go to college? How do they teach Electronics? How did you go? How did he speak? How did you get my number? How should I begin? How can I practice? How has he managed to get in? How have you controlled the staff? How did you go? How did he speak? How did you reach in time?

WHY: Examples : Why do people fast? Why is he late? Why is the bike not starting? Why is the teacher angry? Why are you wasting your time? Why did you not tell me? Why have you applied for leave? Why has he applied for visa? Why will they not come tomorrow? Why can't you do it today? Why do they leave Orientation program? Why can't you speak in front of the class? Why should we do the home-work? Why has the teacher asked us to stay back? Why have you taken up this project? Why have you cancelled all your appointments? Why did the CM resign? Why couldn't you do well in the interview? Why does the child cry so much? Why are you standing here? Why don't you try once again? Why don't you take something?

WHAT: examples: What is your name? What is your father? What is his qualification? What is he studying? What do you know about her? What are your hobbies? What is he speaking about? What did swami Vivekananda say? What are you thinking about? What is he waiting for? What is she studying? What are your plus points? What are you looking for? What do you do? What do you do on Sundays? What does he want? What do you want? What was he asking for? What did you on Diwali? What were they playing? What can I do for you? What is she doing in the class?

WHOSE: Examples: Whose book is this? Whose idea is it? Whose mistake is it? Whose style does he follow? Whose house will you take? Whose books do you read? Whose work does he like? Whose house did she design? Whose Vehicles are they checking? Whose function was he attending? Whose loan are they processing? Whose system does she use? Whose account did CBI seal? Whose book did he borrow? Whose movies do you watch more? Whose speech is he listening to? Whose permission have you taken? Whose shares has he sold? Whose party can he join? Whose help should I accept? Whose transfer orders have come? Whose company has she joined? Whose property have they seized? Whose advice should I follow?

WHICH: Examples: Which is your favorite subject? Which is your book? Which is your bag? Which is your suitcase? Which is your class room? Which songs have you recorded? Which route are you taking? Which movie did you see? Which story is more interesting? Which college should I join? Which car does he drive?  Which colour do you like? Which way are they going? Which are the fast moving products? Which subject do you like? Which place did they visit? Which train has arrived late? Which vehicle has broken down? Which courses do they offer? Which post have you applied for? Which medicine can give quick relief? Which topic is more confusing? Which programs do you watch?

WHERE: Where is our college? Where is your house? Where are your books? Where is the bus stop? Where are your friends? Where is your father working? Where are you staying? Where was the telephone booth? Where was the program? Where were you yesterday? Where do they stay? Where were you at 9 'o' clock yesterday? Where does he work? Where have you been all these days? Where did you celebrate the festival? Where has he kept the keys? Where will you meet me? Where has Vinay gone? Where can I get an application form? Where will you be next year? Where do you pay the bill? Where does she teach? Where did you work earlier? Where do you park your vehicle?

WHEN: When is your birthday? When is the next seminar? When should I come again? When was the meeting? When will you call her? When do you get up? When can you meet me? When is your interview? When are the elections? When is the function? When do you reach home? When does the train leave? When did you see him last? When did you buy this vehicle? When will call her? When do you have vacation? When does the movie starts? When does the shop close? When will you return the book? When will they declare the results? When were they in Hyderabad? When are the exams? When will you increase my salary? When can I meet the Principal? When should I call you?

WHOM:   Whom is the objective form of 'who '. It is better to use it along with 'to','for','with' or 'by'. Examples: For whom are you waiting? With whom have you gone for shopping? To whom did you send the message? By whom was this boy beaten? Note:   Modern grammarians use 'who' and find it more appropriate than 'whom' in other places.

WH Question word                             Used to Know Who                                             Subject,does of an action     Whom                                          Object,receiver of an action When                                            Time Where                                           Place,Position Which                                           Ch...

Frame: Subject Positive Negative Question tag? I We Shall+V1   or Will Shall not+V1  or Will not Shall+S+V1 or Will   ? You They He She It Boys Raju Will+V1 (go) Will not+V1 Will+S+V1 Examples: I shall come to college tomorrow I shall not come to college tomorrow Shall I come to college tomorrow? He will attend the party next week He will not attend the party next week Will he attend the party next week? Uses: Actions that will take place in the future Clue words: Tomorrow The day after tomorrow Next week Next month Next year Next April On Friday In 2016 Later After 2 days After some time After 2 weeks After 2 months After 2 years etc Look at this table for better understanding Simple Future Tense S+Will...

Frame: Subject Positive Negative Question tag I He She It Boy Ramu Was + V4 Was not + V4 Was +S +V4? They Boys You We Were + V4 Were not +V4 Were +S+V4? Examples: He was swimming at 8 AM yesterday. He was not swimming at 8 AM yesterday Was he swimming at 8 AM yesterday? They were doing shopping at 4 PM yesterday They were not doing shopping at 4 PM yesterday Were they doing shopping at 4 PM yesterday? It was raining at 5 PM last Monday It was not raining at 5 PM last Monday. Was It raining at 5 PM last Monday? USE: On going Actions "at a particular time" in the past. Look at this table for better understanding Past Continues Tense S+was/were+V4+O An action which was going on at some time in the past( గతంలో ఒకానొక సమయంలో జరుగుతూ ఉండిన పనులకు...

Frame: Subject Positive Negative Question Tag I We You They He She It Boys Ramu Boy V2 (went) Did not +V1 Did+S+V1? Examples: I did exercise yesterday I did not do exercise yesterday Did I do Exercise yesterday? He attended the party last week He did not attend the party last week Did he attend the party last week? They paid their rent last month. They did not  pay their tent last month Did they pay their rent last month? USES: Completed actions in the past Yesterday The day before yesterday Last night Last week Last month Last year Last January Last Sunday 2 years ago 2 years back 2 minutes ago In 2013. Etc are use in this tense Look at the table for better understanding. Tense name Structure Uses Examples Clue words Simple Past  Tense S+V2+O  An Action that completed...